杜甫的《兵车行》是一首反映社会现实、表达深切同情的叙事诗。这首诗通过描述一位父亲送别儿子参军的情景，揭示了当时繁重的徭役给百姓带来的深重灾难。
原文如下：
车辚辚，马萧萧，行人弓箭各在腰。
爷娘妻子走相送，尘埃不见咸阳桥。
牵衣顿足拦道哭，哭声直上干云霄。
道傍过者问行人，行人但云点行频。
或从十五北防河，便至四十西营田。
去时里正与裹头，归来头白还戍边。
边庭流血成海水，武皇开边意未已。
君不闻汉家山东二百州，千村万落生荆杞。
纵有健妇把锄犁，禾生陇亩无东西。
况复秦兵耐苦战，被驱不异犬与鸡。
长者虽有问，役夫敢申恨？
且如今年冬，未休关东卒。
县官急索租，租税从何出？
信知生男恶，反是生女好。
生女犹得嫁比邻，生男埋没随百草。
君不见，青海头，古来白骨无人收。
新鬼烦冤旧鬼哭，天阴雨湿声啾啾。
赏析：
这首诗以第一人称的视角，展现了普通百姓在战争和徭役中的悲惨命运。开头通过描写送别的场景，渲染了一种悲壮的气氛。“爷娘妻子走相送”生动地描绘了亲人离别的痛苦，“哭声直上干云霄”则进一步强化了这种情感的强烈程度。接下来，诗人通过对话的形式，揭示了频繁征兵的原因以及士兵的苦难生活。“去时里正与裹头，归来头白还戍边”，短短两句，就概括了士兵从年轻到年老的漫长服役生涯。
翻译：
The wheels of war carts rumble, the horses neigh, and the soldiers carry bows and arrows on their waists.
Parents, wives, and children run to see them off at the bridge of Xianyang, their tears blending with the dust.
They tug at clothes and stamp their feet, blocking the road in grief, their cries reaching the heavens.
A passerby asks the soldiers why they are conscripted so often. The soldiers reply that some were called up as young as fifteen to defend the northern rivers, and by forty they were still working in the western fields.
When they left, village elders wrapped their heads; when they returned, their hair was white but they were sent back to the borders.
Blood flows like seas on the frontier, yet the emperor’s ambitions know no end.
Do you not hear of the two hundred states east of the Han dynasty? Thousands of villages lie empty, overgrown with weeds.
Even strong women can barely manage the plows, and crops grow haphazardly in the fields.
How much more so for Qin soldiers who endure hardship, treated like dogs and chickens.
Though elders inquire, conscripts dare not complain.
Just this winter, the troops from Guandong have not been relieved.
County officials demand rent, but where will it come from?
Truly, having sons is bad luck; better to have daughters.
Girls can marry nearby, while boys are buried among the grass.
Have you not seen the desolate fields of Qinghai? Since ancient times, the bones of fallen soldiers lie unburied.
New ghosts wail, old ghosts weep, their mournful cries echoing in the rain.
通过这样的翻译，我们不仅能够理解原诗的内容，还能感受到其中蕴含的情感深度和历史背景。杜甫以其敏锐的观察力和深厚的人文关怀，为我们留下了一幅幅生动的历史画卷。
